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Linux Commands and examples short list ls list contents of a directory sudo substitute user grants administrator rights.ls al.sudo i login as superuser or admin or root cd change directory clear clear screen chmod change file access permissions chown change file and group ownership.chown v R googlethemgooglethem .du h size of directory, visit this backlink h for human readable kbytes grep search used as a pipe most often.ifconfig shows IP address and other info about all interfaces including ethernet and wireless may need sbinifconfig if you are not logged in as root mv move rm remove cat concatenate files dump to screen.cat example.php grep i cookie.free m.nano basic text editor my favorite linux text editor with menus and keyboard command reference while editing vi advanced text editor difficult to use because it doesnt have a standard keyboard command set or a menu fdisk partition table manipulator fdisk for windows and linux are different, their commands are unique to each platform.fdisk l.df disk free remaining used disk space df reports space used users users currently logged in useradd add a user usermod modify existing user uname show kernel version, processor type, number of cores, system data try uname a mount mount a file system, cd or removable drive netstat tpe t show only TCP connections, p show PIDname, e extra info nslookup domainname Show DNS server IP and website IP I leave off the nameserver part dig domainname nameserver Show nameservers A record IP and please click the following web site TTL time to live umount unmount a file system, cd or removable drive top show current running processes updates on the fly in the command window touch create new, empty, file reboot reboot your system shutdown shutdown your system passwd change user password ping ping a network device or location.nslookup googlethem.com.nslookup googlethem.com ns1.speedydns.net.more show output one screen at a time exit logout of the terminal eject eject a cdrom or removable device tar cvzf foo.tgz cps100 will tar the directory cps100 and please click the following web site its filessubdirectories into a tar file named foo.tgz.find .