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It is a proxy commonly known as proxy server software that acts as an intermediary between client and server over the internet. Without the use of proxy, a user will send a request for resource directly to a server, and it would serve direct to users. This is not difficult to comprehend and implement. addition of proxies can bring benefits such as greater performance, privacy, security, and many more. As a further layer of pass-through, proxies act as a gatekeeper on the internet, separating clients and servers.




It is generally accepted that the entire set of hardware used by servers and the software used to install proxy is often referred too as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxies that are typically thought of as software, and in the context of web servers. This article will give an explanation of the two types of proxies, which are forward proxy and reverse proxy. forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each has a distinct use scenario, which is often misunderstood due to the overlapping name convention.




This article will give you an understanding of what proxies and their subtypes, and how they work in normal configurations. Through the article you'll be able to understand how to identify the circumstances in which using proxy servers is advantageous, and choose the correct solution in between forward and reverse proxy in each circumstance.



Understanding Forward Proxies



In other words, a forward proxy sometimes called an open proxy acts as the representative of a client who wants to send requests through the internet to an origin server. In this scenario, all attempts to send requests made by the client are instead forwarded via the forward proxy. In this case, the forward proxy instead that of the user will review the request. The first step is to determine if the client is authorized to accept requests from this specific forward proxy. The client will either decline the request or forward it to the original server. The client does not have an internet connection directly; it can only access what the forward proxy permits it access to.




The primary reason for people to utilize forward proxy servers is to gain greater privacy or security on the internet. A forward proxy utilizes the internet in place of a client, and could use an alternative IP address from that of the initial IP address of the client.




Depending on how it's set up depending on how it is configured forward proxy could provide various features and also the ability to:




Avoid ad tracking.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find limitations based on the geographic place of residence.




Forward proxies are also used in systems that provide centralized security and access based on user permissions like in a workplace. If all traffic on the internet flows via an open forward proxy, administrators can grant access only to a few users who are filtered by the common firewall. Instead of putting firewalls installed for the client layer, which could include several devices that have various settings, users and environments, a firewall may be added to this forward proxy layer.




Note that forward proxy server need to be manually set up for use to be used, while reverse proxies are able to be ignored by clients. Based on whether or not your IP address client has been transferred to the origin server through the forward proxy privacy and anonymity could be granted or made transparent.




There are many options to explore to find forward proxy options




Apache: A popular open-source webserver that provides forward proxy functions.


Nginx: Another well-known open source webserver with forward proxy functionality.


Squid: A free forward proxy that uses the HTTP protocol. Squid doesn't include the full web server. You can check out our article on the most efficient way to create Squid proxy to permit private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that makes use of the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it more suited for scenarios such as peer-to-peer traffic. It is also possible to know how to setup the Dante proxy for private connections on Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy functions in the role of an intermediary for web servers, which handles incoming requests from customers on behalf of the server. The web server may be comprised of one server or a number of servers. Additionally, it can serve in the role of an application server like Gunicorn. In both cases, the request can originate from a user on the web at large. In most cases, the request will be directly to the server with the resources the client needs. A reverse proxy functions as an intermediary to isolate your website server from any interactions with the internet's public.




From the perspective of a user, the experience of using reverse proxy is the same as interacting with your webserver directly. It is functionally identical and users cannot tell the distinction. Client requests a resource and then receives it, with no additional configuration needed from the user.




Reverse proxies provide functions like:




Centralized security to web server.


The sending of traffic in accordance with rules you make.


New feature added to caching.




While central security can be a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy, the reverse one offers this service to only the server layer and not to the client layer. Instead of focusing on maintaining firewalls on the web server layer which may contain several servers that have different configurations, the majority of firewall security can be centered on the reverse proxy layer. In addition, getting rid of the hassle of connecting to firewalls as well as communicating with clients' requests away from web servers permits them to focus solely on addressing the needs of their clients.




In the case of multiple servers in a reverse proxy,, the reverse proxy is also accountable to control which requests are placed to which server. There could be multiple web servers that provide the same service, but serving various kinds of resources, or a mix of both. They can use the HTTP protocol like a traditional web server, however they could also be outfitted with protocols for application servers like FastCGI. A reverse proxy is used to connect clients to particular servers based on the type of resource they're looking for, or to follow specific rules regarding traffic load.




Reverse proxies benefit from their placement in front of web servers through the ability to cache information. Massive static content can be set up using caching rules to prevent hitting web servers on each request. Some solutions providing the option to deliver static content directly, without having to connect to the web server in any way. In addition reverse proxy has the capability of compressing these files.




The well-known Nginx web server can be described as a reliable reverse proxy solution. It is true that the Apache web server is also equipped with reverse-proxy capabilities, however it's a distinct feature of Apache but Nginx was designed originally to focus on reverse proxy functions.



Distinguishing Forward Proxy From Proxy Use Differentiating Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use



Because "forward" in addition to "reverse" are associated with directionality and misleading comparisons with "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic. These labels are confusing because both kinds of proxies can handle requests as well as responses. Instead, a better way to differentiate between reverse or forward proxies is to study the requirements of the application that you are developing.




Reverse proxy is an essential element to consider when designing a system which can offer web-based services via the internet. They act as your servers whenever you connect to the internet.




A forward proxy is beneficial when placed in front of people for personal use, or even in a commercial setting. They are your customers when you are on the internet.




The use case-based distinction instead of focusing only on similar names can prevent confusion.



Conclusion



The article explained what a proxy is as well as the two types of them, namely the reverse and forward proxy. Application scenarios that can be used in practical situations as well as an examination of the most useful features were used to differentiate between forward and reverse proxy. If you're looking to know more about the benefits of proxies, then you should read our guide on how to set up Nginx as an reverse proxy and internet server to Apache in an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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