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It is an proxy which is also known as a proxy server, is a software that serves to act as mediator between client and server on the internet. Without a proxy, a client could send requests for any resource directly to the server and the server would provide the resource directly for the client. Although this method is simple to grasp and implement, the addition of proxy servers can provide advantages in the form of increased performance, privacy, security, and many more. As a layer of pass-through, a proxy acts as an extra layer of security on the internet between servers and clients.




The consensus is this: the mix of servers hardware as well as software used to set up proxy installations is usually referred to by the name of proxy servers. However, this article will focus on proxy servers which are generally considered to be software, as well as within the context of web servers. There will be a discussion of the two primary types that are forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each has its own unique usage scenario, which is often not understood due to the similar terminology.




This article will provide you with an understanding of the different types of proxy and what their subtypes are and how they operate in the common configurations. After having read this article, you'll be able determine the situations that you can gain from a proxy. You'll then choose the best option between forward and reverse proxy for each scenario.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy, also known in the form of the open proxy acts as the representative of a client who wishes to make a request through the internet to a source server. In this case the entire attempt to send requests by the user is instead transferred to the forward proxy. The forward proxy, acting on behalf of the client will review the request. The first step is to determine if the client is allowed to accept requests via this particular forward proxy. Then, it decides to decline a request and forward it to its origin server. The client is not able to have directly access to internet. It is only able to access what the forward proxy allows it to connect to.




A popular use for forward proxy is to achieve more privacy or security on the internet. Forward proxy can be used to access the internet in instead of a client and in this manner it could utilize a different IP address than the initial IP address.




Depending on how it's been configured, the forward proxy will provide different functions, based on the configuration, which allows you to:




Stay clear of tracking ads.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find restrictions based on your location.




Forward proxies are also utilized to secure systems that are centralized and based on permission access such as in a workplace. Every internet connection can go via an open forward proxy. administrators can allow only a handful of clients online access through an ordinary firewall. Instead of setting up security firewalls on the server layer, which could comprise a range of computers with different settings and users. A firewall could be set up on top of an forward proxy layer.




It is crucial to keep in mind that forward proxy servers must be set up manually for use, however reverse proxy servers will remain undetected by users. Depending on whether the IP address of the user is transferred to the server that originated it from the forward proxy privacy and anonymity may be granted, or left unnoticed.




There are numerous options to consider forward proxy options




Apache: A popular open-source web server which provides forward-looking proxy services.


Nginx is a different well-known open-source web server that has forward proxy features.


Squid is an open source forward proxy that utilizes an HTTP protocol. It isn't an all-inclusive web server application. We have a guide on how to install Squid proxy for private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it better suitable for situations such as peer-to-peer connections. It is also possible to investigate how to set up an Dante proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy is the web server, which handles requests from clients instead. The web server may serve as a single server or multiple servers. Additionally, it can function as an app server such as Gunicorn. In either of these scenarios the request comes from a user via the internet. In most cases, the request will be directed directly to the web server, which is the one that has the resources the user wants. A reverse proxy acts as an intermediary, shielding it from any direct interaction with the internet's open.




From the viewpoint of the client, interacting with reverse proxy is not different from connecting to your website server direct. It's essentially the same, and the user doesn't see the distinction. The client makes requests for resources, which is followed by receiving it with no additional configuration needed from the user.




Reverse proxies offer features like:




Secured centrally for Web Server Layer.


Directing traffic according to rules that you can decide to define.


Additional features to cache data.




While centralized security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy servers, reverse proxy services provide this benefit to those who use the server layer, but not to the client layer. Instead of having to maintain firewalls at the layer of web servers, which could contain multiple servers with different configurations, the bulk of the firewall security can be handled by the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore eliminating the burden of interacting with a firewall and interacting with clients who request information from web servers allows them to concentrate on serving resources.




If there are multiple servers that are running behind a reverse proxy The reverse proxy determines the way requests are routed to the server. There could be multiple web servers offering the identical service, and each offering various kinds of resources or a combination of both. They can utilize the HTTP protocol for a traditional web server, however, they may additionally include applications server protocols like FastCGI. You can set up reverse proxy that routes users to specific servers based on the resource they request or to adhere to certain rules regarding traffic volume.




Reverse proxies also can profit by their position over web servers, by providing the ability to cache data. The large static files can be configured by using caching rules to stop the web server from being hit with every request, with certain solutions providing the option to deliver static files directly, without connecting to the web server even once. Additionally, reverse proxy can handle the compression of these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server is also a very popular reverse proxy solution. Although Apache has a reverse proxy solution but this Apache web server does have reverse proxy functions as an added option for Apache and Nginx was originally designed for and was designed with a focus on reverse proxy capabilities.



Differentiating Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use. Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Utilization



Since "forward" and "reverse" have connotations of directionality and false comparisons to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic, these labels can confuse since both kinds of proxy are able to handle requests and responses. Better yet, the best method of separating between reverse and forward proxy is to look at the requirements of the app you're working on.




Reverse proxy is a crucial element when you're creating a solution for serving web applications on the internet. They act as your web server for any interaction on the internet.




A forward proxy is beneficial for use in front of customers for your personal use, or in a work environment. They serve as the proxy for your client via any communication with the internet.




Differentiating by use case as opposed to focusing only on common name conventions makes it easier to avoid confusion.



Conclusion



The article explained the significance of a proxy, with the two main types being the reverse proxy and forward proxy. Practical scenarios for use and a review of the most useful features were utilized to differentiate between forward proxies and reverse proxy. If you're keen to learn more about the benefits of proxies then you can read our tutorial on how to set up Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy with Apache using an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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