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It is a proxy often called proxy server software that acts as an intermediary between the client and server over the internet. Without proxy, a user could send a request for a resource directly to the server and it would then serve that resource to its user directly. This is not difficult to understand and implement the addition of proxies can bring advantages such as improved performance as well as privacy, security and many more. In addition to providing a layer of security, proxies serve as a security barrier on the internet, separating clients and servers.




It is generally accepted that the set of hardware used by servers and the software for proxy installation is commonly referred to as proxy servers. This article will focus on proxies that are typically thought of as software and in the context of web servers. The article will provide an explanation of the two major types of proxies that comprise a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each has its own use scenario, which is often misunderstood due to the similar naming convention.




This article will give you an idea of the what proxies and their subtypes, and how they work in the typical setups. Through this guide, you'll know how to recognize the situations in which using proxies can be beneficial and how to choose the correct solution in between reverse and forward proxy, depending on the situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



In other words forward proxy also called an open proxy serves as the representative of a customer who wishes to forward requests through online to the origin server. In this situation any requests sent by the client will be forwarded via the forward proxy. In this scenario, the forward proxy in the place that of the user will look into the request. First, it must check if the client is authorized to accept requests from this specific forward proxy. It will then either deny any request or forward it to the original server. The client doesn't have a an internet connection directly but it is able to connect to the internet that forward proxy allows it access to.




The primary reason for people to utilize forward proxy servers is to increase privacy or security on the internet. Forward proxy makes use of the internet in place of a client and in that process it could use an alternative IP address to the initial IP address of the client.




Based on the way it's set up depending on how it is configured, forward proxy may offer many options and the ability to:




Do not be a victim of ad tracking.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find restrictions based on your geographical area.




Forward proxies are also used in systems that provide centralized security and access based on user permissions like at work. If all traffic on the internet flows through an open forward proxy layer, administrators could allow access to only certain users to the internet through an ordinary firewall. Instead of having firewalls on the client layer that could contain multiple devices with different settings and users and settings, a firewall may be set up at the forward proxy layer.




It is important to note that forward proxy servers must be manually set up for use in order to be used, while reverse proxy servers can be ignored by clients. Based on whether or not your IP address client has been transferred to the server that originated it through the forward proxy privacy and anonymity could be provided or rendered more transparent.




There are many possibilities to look into options for forward proxy options




Apache The Apache is a popular open-source webserver that provides forward proxy functionality.


Nginx: Another renowned open-source webserver that has forward proxy capabilities.


Squid is a free forward proxy based on the HTTP protocol. This doesn't offer the entire web server. You can check out our guide on the best method of creating Squid proxy that allows private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that makes use of the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP, making it better suited for scenarios such as peer-to-peer communication. You might also want to look into how to setup an Dante proxy to connect privately on Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy serves as an agent for a web server, handling the incoming requests of customers on behalf of the server. The web server may consist of a single server or a number of servers. In addition, it could serve in the role of an application server, such as Gunicorn. In any case, the request can come from a customer via the internet at large. In most cases, the request will be directly to the web server that has the resources the client needs. A reverse proxy acts as an intermediary in order to protect your website server from any interactions with the internet's open.




From the perspective of a user, the experience of interacting with reverse proxy is the same as communicating directly with your webserver. It is functionally the same and the user can't tell the difference. Client requests resources and receives it without any additional configuration required by the client.




Reverse proxy services offer features such as:




Centralized security to web server.


Sending traffic to be directed in accordance with rules you make.


New caching functionality has been added.




While central security can be a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy systems, reverse proxy provides this service only to the server layer, and not to the layer that clients use. In lieu of the maintenance of firewalls for the web server layer, that could include multiple servers that have different configurations, the bulk of firewall security may be concentrated to the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, removing the burden of interfacing with firewalls as well as communicating with clients' requests away from web servers allows them to concentrate on meeting the requirements of their clients.




In the event of multiple servers running behind a reverse proxy the reverse proxy is also accountable for deciding which requests go to which server. There may be several web servers providing the exact same service, serving different types of resources or a combination of both. They may use the HTTP protocol just like a standard web server, however they could also be equipped with application server protocols such as FastCGI. A reverse proxy to send clients to specific servers depending on the type of resource they're looking for, or to adhere to specific rules for traffic load.




Reverse proxies can also benefit from their location on top of web servers through the possibility of storing information. Massive static content can be configured using caching policies to stop hitting web servers with each request. Some applications allow users to deliver static content directly, without having to connect to the web server at all. In addition reverse proxy has the capability of compressing these assets.




The well-known Nginx webserver is a powerful reverse proxy solution. It is true that the Apache web server comes with reverse-proxy capabilities, however it's a distinct feature of Apache however Nginx was designed originally for and focuses on the reverse proxy function.



The distinction between Forward and Proxy Use. Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Utilization



Because "forward" along with "reverse" have connotations of directionality, they can be misleading when comparing "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic These labels can be confusing since both types of proxy are able to handle both requests and responses. A better approach to differentiate between reverse as well as forward proxies would be to research the requirements of the application that you're creating.




Reverse proxy is an essential aspect to consider when developing a solution that allows web-based applications over the internet. They act as your servers whenever you connect to the internet.




A forward proxy is beneficial when placed in front of users for personal usage, or in a corporate environment. They represent your clients whenever you interact with the internet.




The use case-based differentiation instead of focusing solely on similar names will help you avoid confusion.



Conclusion



The article described what a proxy is and the two kinds of them, namely the both reverse and forward proxy. Examples of practical application scenarios and a review of the most useful features were utilized to differentiate between reverse and forward proxies. If you're keen to learn more about the possibilities of proxies, you can read our tutorial on how to configure Nginx as an reverse proxy and internet server for Apache on Ubuntu 20.04. Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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